These answers are mirrored in a Schema.org FAQPage block on the same URL so AI search and rich-results crawlers can ingest them structured. Each answer carries its own federal-source citation where applicable.
- How does ValiFit calculate town scores?
- ValiFit scores every town in America on five composites — Safety, Education, Health, Environment, and Appreciation — using only federally-published data. Each composite is a closed-form formula computed from federal inputs, then percentile-ranked against a state-tier peer cohort with a bootstrap 95% confidence interval. The five composite scores are blended into a personalized Match% using the weights you set during intake.
- How does ValiFit calculate safety scores?
- Safety is computed as safety_roi = (officers_per_1000 + 0.5) / (violent_crime_per_1000 + 0.5) per FBI UCR / LEE 2024 and FBI NIBRS 2024. The +0.5 additive (Laplace) smoothing handles zero counts defensibly. The town is percentile-ranked within its state-by-population-tier peer cohort, and the score is shown with a bootstrap 95% confidence interval.
- How does ValiFit calculate education scores?
- Education is computed as edu_roi_adj = (graduation_rate / (per_pupil_$ / 1000)) x (1 + (free_reduced_lunch_pct/100) x beta) per NCES F-33 and EdFacts ACGR. The free/reduced-lunch coefficient adjusts for student-body difficulty. The district is percentile-ranked within state-by-NCES-enrollment-tier peers with a bootstrap 95% CI.
- How does ValiFit calculate health scores?
- Health is computed as health_roi = sqrt((providers_per_1000 / 2.65) x (life_expectancy / 78.8)) per CMS NPI 2024 and CDC NCHS. The geometric-mean form (same family as the UN Human Development Index) requires both access and outcome to be strong. The county is percentile-ranked within state-by-USDA-RUCC-tier peers with a bootstrap 95% CI.
- How does ValiFit calculate environment scores?
- Environment is the inverted percentile of risk_count = EPA NPL + EPA AQS + EPA SDWIS + FEMA NFHL + FEMA NFIP exposure tallies within the town. Higher exposure count yields a lower score. The town is percentile-ranked within its state-by-population-tier peer cohort with a bootstrap 95% CI.
- How does ValiFit calculate appreciation scores?
- Appreciation is the five-year FHFA House Price Index repeat-sales CAGR, EWMA-smoothed (decay 0.5) and percentile-ranked within the OMB-defined Metropolitan Statistical Area. FHFA HPI is the federally-published repeat-sales index that controls for property-quality drift in a way median sale price cannot.
- How does Match% work?
- Match% is the weighted geometric mean of the five composite scores: match_pct = product(composite_score_i ^ user_weight_i) ^ (1 / sum(user_weight_i)). Geometric mean (the same compensatory utility theory the UN HDI uses) prevents one high composite from masking a low one in a heavily-weighted dimension. The five composite percentiles are identical for every user; only the personal weight vector changes the blend.
- Why is commute not a composite?
- Commute is intrinsically user-specific — the same town is a 12-minute drive for one buyer and a 90-minute drive for another. Putting it in the scored blend would punish or reward towns based on a destination that has nothing to do with the town. Commute is applied as a hard-filter at match time using your intake destinations and max-minutes thresholds. Locked per task #129 (2026-05-29, re-locked 2026-06-10).
- Why is affordability not a composite?
- Affordability is binary at the buyer level — either you can carry the payment or you cannot — so a continuous percentile score would be misleading. ValiFit enforces affordability as a hard-filter via /api/affordability, computing qualifying income from list price, current Freddie PMMS 30-year rate, county tax, insurance, and PMI. Locked per task #245.
- What cohort does ValiFit use for percentile ranking?
- Cohorts are federally defined: state by Census population tier (13 CFR Part 121) for Safety and Environment; state by NCES enrollment tier for Education; state by USDA RUCC county-tier for Health; OMB-defined Metropolitan Statistical Area for Appreciation. When a cohort has fewer than 30 peers, ValiFit expands outward (next tier, then state, then Census region) until N is at least 30. If even the widest cohort has fewer than 30 peers, the score returns null with reason insufficient_cohort — never a fabricated number.
- How are confidence intervals computed?
- Every score is published with a 95% confidence interval from a bootstrap of 1,000 resamples (deterministic seed for reproducibility). The bootstrap is mathematically equivalent to a Bayesian posterior under a uniform prior. For cohorts between 30 and 100 peers, ValiFit also applies James-Stein-style Bayesian shrinkage toward the state-median prior, tightening estimates for small samples while converging to the raw percentile as N grows.
- Is ValiFit FHA-safe?
- Yes. ValiFit measures infrastructure investment (officers, providers, per-pupil spending, environmental hazards) — never demographic outcomes. No race, ethnicity, religion, family-status, or disability data enters any composite formula. ValiFit passes 24 CFR Section 100.500 disparate-impact analysis. Quarterly bias audit per the constitutional charter at /trust/bias-audit.
- Does ValiFit ever say a town is best?
- No. ValiFit reports the data and computes a personalized match per source. The language used everywhere on the site is "matches you at X%" not "is the best." Every score carries its federal source citation inline, every cohort comparison is published, every formula is open. The user decides what matters.
- Is real estate agent lead routing neutral?
- No. Lead routing is neutral per ValiFit's constitutional charter at /trust/charters. No agent can pay for a ranking boost, no listing receives editorial promotion, and the scoring code is identical for every property regardless of whether the listing agent has a paid ValiFit account.
- How often is ValiFit data refreshed?
- Refresh cadence follows the federal source: daily for active listings and mortgage rates; monthly for FEMA NFIP, HRSA HPSA, Overture Maps, and Census Building Permits; quarterly for CMS Hospital Quality, BLS QCEW, and FHFA HPI; annual for NCES F-33, EdFacts ACGR, FBI UCR, FHA limits, and BEA personal income; biennial for CRDC. Every score shows its source vintage on the entity page.
- Where can I see the scoring code and methodology spec?
- The pre-registered methodology spec is published at /docs/SCORING_METHODOLOGY_v1.md and mirrored on GitHub at github.com/v4lifit-dotcom/valifit-scoring-methodology under CC-BY 4.0. The scoring implementation lives in lib/composites/unified-scorer.ts and lib/composites/math/percentile.ts. Any change requires a versioned release with changelog entry — the pre-registration is timestamped 2026-05-12 as prior art.
- What happens when federal source data is missing for a town?
- Per the omit-not-default rule, ValiFit never substitutes a hardcoded value while still attaching the federal source citation. A factor with missing source data is omitted from the composite, and the score is recomputed from the remaining factors. If the entire composite cannot be computed, it returns null with an explicit reason (insufficient_cohort, missing_primary_input, or biased_cohort) — and on the user-facing page that composite is marked unavailable, never faked.